{"id":9957,"date":"2023-01-23T18:07:08","date_gmt":"2023-01-23T17:07:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/?p=9957"},"modified":"2023-01-23T18:19:21","modified_gmt":"2023-01-23T17:19:21","slug":"lavinova-nehoda-pod-velkym-krivanom-v-malej-fatre-21-januara-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/?p=9957","title":{"rendered":"Lav\u00ednov\u00e1 nehoda pod Ve\u013ek\u00fdm Kriv\u00e1\u0148om v Malej Fatre, 21.janu\u00e1ra 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Lav\u00ednov\u00e1 nehoda, ktor\u00e1 sa stala v sobotu 21. janu\u00e1ra v Malej Fatre, prekvapila asi v\u0161etk\u00fdch. Ako je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee zrovna tam kde pripadlo najmenej nov\u00e9ho snehu a v pohor\u00ed, kde pretrv\u00e1valo mierne lav\u00ednov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvo, 2. stupe\u0148? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Skupina 7 sk\u00fasen\u00fdch skialpinistov sa rozhodla zly\u017eova\u0165 JZ \u017e\u013eab medzi Ve\u013ek\u00fdm Kriv\u00e1\u0148om a Pekeln\u00edkom. Po\u010dasie bolo v ten de\u0148 premenliv\u00e9, kde tu sa uk\u00e1zalo aj slnko. V \u010dase, ke\u010f pri\u0161li nad \u017e\u013eab, bola u\u017e hmla. Spr\u00e1vne zvolili 20 m rozostupy a pokra\u010dovali smerom dolu. Prv\u00fd zo skupiny (s airbag batohom) zastal v mieste, kde svah naberal na strmosti (sklon cca 32\u00b0) a kontroloval situ\u00e1ciu. Videl, \u017ee okolo neho je \u010derstv\u00fd naviaty vank\u00fa\u0161 a \u017ee sklon sa neust\u00e1le zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161uje. V z\u00e1p\u00e4t\u00ed okolo neho pre\u0161iel druh\u00fd zo skupiny, ktor\u00fd akoby zabudol na dohodnut\u00e9 rozostupy. V momente, ke\u010f bol nieko\u013eko metrov pod n\u00edm, sa nad nimi objavil odtrh, ktor\u00fd sa r\u00fdchlo \u0161\u00edril na obe strany \u017e\u013eabu. Celkovo dosiahol a\u017e 150 m, s v\u00fd\u0161kou odtrhu 20 a\u017e 100 cm. Vznikaj\u00faca lav\u00edna oboch strhla a un\u00e1\u0161ala dolu \u017e\u013eabom. Prv\u00fd zo skupiny si aktivoval airbag batoh. Pod\u013ea v\u00fdpoved\u00ed strhnut\u00fdch, sa po cel\u00fa dobu viezli akoby na povrchu a tak aj ostali pri zastaven\u00ed lav\u00edny – \u010diasto\u010dne zasypan\u00ed. Prv\u00e9ho (s airbag batohom) un\u00e1\u0161ala lav\u00edna 550 m, druh\u00e9ho (bez batohu) 770 m. Celkovo dosiahla lav\u00edna a\u017e 990 m !!! Medzit\u00fdm, zvy\u0161n\u00ed zo skupiny po\u017eiadali o pomoc HZS a rozhodli sa zly\u017eova\u0165 po lav\u00edne a n\u00e1js\u0165 kamar\u00e1tov. Na\u0161li ich pribli\u017ene po 10 – 15 min\u00fatach a oboch bez zranen\u00ed ! N\u00e1sledne postupovali smerom hore na hrebe\u0148. Medzit\u00fdm na lav\u00ednu zi\u0161li z\u00e1chran\u00e1ri a pomohli im s v\u00fdstupom – jedna \u010dlenka skupiny si pri pohybe na lav\u00edne poranila koleno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Lav\u00edna po asi 40 m od odtrhu sekund\u00e1rne uvo\u013enila \u010fal\u0161iu \u010das\u0165 – lav\u00ednu, ktorej odtrh prebiehal popod \/pomedzi skaly v pravej (z\u00e1padnej) \u010dasti \u017e\u013eabu. Sklon tu dosahoval 40 – 50\u00b0, jej n\u00e1nos sa v\u0161ak po 100 – 200 m v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou zastavil na plyt\u0161om svahu s riedkou veget\u00e1ciou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"sch\u00e9ma
Sch\u00e9ma lav\u00edny, 1 – \u010diasto\u010dne zasypan\u00fd s airbag batohom, 2 – \u010diasto\u010dne zasypan\u00fd bez batohu, podklad: freemap.sk<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Parametre lav\u00edny<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • nadm. v\u00fd\u0161ka odtrhu 1580 m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • nadm. v\u00fd\u0161ka \u010dela lav\u00edny 1195 m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • d\u013a\u017eka lav\u00edny 990 m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • v\u00fd\u0161ka odtrhu 20 – 100 cm<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • d\u013a\u017eka odtrhu 150 m (+70 m sekund\u00e1rna)<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0161\u00edrka n\u00e1nosu 5 – 40 m<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • h\u013abka n\u00e1nosu 0,5 – 2 m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \n
    \"\"
    Odtrhov\u00e1 z\u00f3na lav\u00edny, podklad: freemap.sk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    Na mape povrchu ter\u00e9nu vidno men\u0161ie skaln\u00e9 prahy v dr\u00e1he lav\u00edny a roz\u0161\u00edrenie lav\u00edny o sekund\u00e1rnu (z\u00e1padn\u00fa) \u010das\u0165 popod skaly, podklad: freemap.sk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    O ve\u013ekom sklone a \u010dastom zosuve lav\u00edn sved\u010d\u00ed aj podlo\u017eie – skalnat\u00fd podklad, podklad: freemap.sk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u010co bolo pr\u00ed\u010dinou p\u00e1du lav\u00edny?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    V Malej Fatre pretrv\u00e1valo v uplynul\u00fdch d\u0148och mierne lav\u00ednov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvo. Nov\u00e9ho snehu pripadlo za 4 dni len nie\u010do medzi 20 – 40 cm a v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou pri slab\u0161om vetre. Situ\u00e1cia sa zmenila v piatok, ke\u010f za\u010dal f\u00faka\u0165 siln\u00fd severn\u00fd a\u017e severov\u00fdchodn\u00fd vietor s r\u00fdchlos\u0165ou 12 – 18 m\/s, ktor\u00fd previeval sneh cez hrebene na ju\u017en\u00e9 a juhoz\u00e1padn\u00e9 svahy. Na J a JZ svahoch, \u010falej od hrebe\u0148a sa vytvorili snehov\u00e9 vank\u00fa\u0161e a doskov\u00fd sneh. V sobotu bol vietor op\u00e4\u0165 slab\u00fd, do 5 m\/s, ale doh\u013eadnos\u0165 radik\u00e1lne zni\u017eovala hmla. Na prv\u00fd poh\u013ead by ani sk\u00fasen\u00e9mu n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkovi h\u00f4r nenapadlo, \u017ee si m\u00f4\u017ee utrhn\u00fa\u0165 lav\u00ednu. Povrch snehu bol vetrom modelovan\u00fd, miestami a\u017e nosn\u00fd, ubit\u00fd do tvrd\u00fdch dosiek. Na v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine svahov bola situ\u00e1cia pomerne stabiln\u00e1. V pr\u00edpade tohto \u017e\u013eabu zohralo \u00falohu viacero negat\u00edvnych faktov. Sklon svahu v \u017e\u013eabe dosahuje 30 – 45\u00b0 a cel\u00e1 t\u00e1to zmena prebieha na konvexnej (vypuklej) forme ter\u00e9nu. Nach\u00e1dza sa tu najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie pnutie – tzv. \u0165ahov\u00e1 z\u00f3na (vi\u010f obr). U\u017e sta\u010dilo iba ve\u013ek\u00e9 dodato\u010dn\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie na spr\u00e1vnom mieste – dvaja ly\u017eiari bl\u00edzko seba – a lav\u00edna je na svete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Na druh\u00fd de\u0148 boli roben\u00e9 viacer\u00e9 testy stability v samotnom odtrhu (30-32\u00b0) a ich v\u00fdsledok bol pomerne priazniv\u00fd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
    \"\"
    konvex vs konkav<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    \u0165ahov\u00e1 z\u00f3na na konvexnom (vypuklom) svahu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    R\u00fdchlos\u0165 a smer vetra v Snilovskom sedle (19 – 22. janu\u00e1ra 2023)<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    Profil a testy stability v odtrhu lav\u00edny, 22.1.2023<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    Na z\u00e1ver mo\u017eno skon\u0161tatova\u0165, \u017ee pri tak\u00fdch rozmeroch lav\u00edny a okolit\u00e9ho ter\u00e9nu je obrovsk\u00fdm <\/strong>\u0161\u0165ast\u00edm, \u017ee sa udalos\u0165 zaobi\u0161la bez obet\u00ed a dokonca bez zranen\u00ed. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou chybou skialpinistov bolo zvoli\u0165 konkr\u00e9tny – extr\u00e9mne strm\u00fd \u017e\u013eab, dokonca pri hustej hmle. \u010ealej nedodr\u017eanie rozostupov v kritick\u00fdch miestach a podcenenie 2. stup\u0148a lav\u00ednov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010denstva, ktor\u00fd nevylu\u010duje uvo\u013enenie lav\u00edny pri v\u00e4\u010d\u0161om dodato\u010dnom za\u0165a\u017een\u00ed na strm\u00fdch svahoch. Pozit\u00edvnym faktom je, \u017ee v\u0161etci skialpinisti mali kompletn\u00fa lav\u00ednov\u00fa v\u00fdstroj a jeden z nich aj lav\u00ednov\u00fd airbag batoh. Ten s istotou pomohol strhnut\u00e9mu skialpinistovi udr\u017ea\u0165 sa na povrchu lav\u00edny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
    \"\"
    Odtrh lav\u00edny dosahoval a\u017e 100 cm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    tvrd\u00e9 dosky v odtrhu lav\u00edny<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    snehov\u00fd profil v odtrhu lav\u00edny<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    miesto \u010diasto\u010dne zasypan\u00e9ho skialpinistu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    miesto \u010diasto\u010dne zasypan\u00e9ho skialpinistu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"
    z\u00e1ver lav\u00edny, n\u00e1nos mal \u0161\u00edrku a\u017e len nieko\u013eko metrov<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Lav\u00ednov\u00e1 nehoda, ktor\u00e1 sa stala v sobotu 21. janu\u00e1ra v Malej Fatre, prekvapila asi v\u0161etk\u00fdch. Ako je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee zrovna tam kde pripadlo najmenej nov\u00e9ho snehu a v pohor\u00ed, kde pretrv\u00e1valo mierne lav\u00ednov\u00e9 nebezpe\u010denstvo, 2. stupe\u0148? Skupina 7 sk\u00fasen\u00fdch skialpinistov sa rozhodla zly\u017eova\u0165 JZ \u017e\u013eab medzi Ve\u013ek\u00fdm Kriv\u00e1\u0148om a Pekeln\u00edkom. Po\u010dasie bolo v ten de\u0148…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9960,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[2],"tags":[440,17,441,66,231,422,107,358,438,439],"class_list":["post-9957","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lavinove-nehody","tag-airbag","tag-batoh","tag-konvexny","tag-lavina","tag-nanos","tag-nanos-laviny","tag-nehoda","tag-odtrh","tag-pekelnik","tag-velky-krivan"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/MF_lavina2.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8DxWh-2AB","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9957","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9957"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9957\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9979,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9957\/revisions\/9979"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9957"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9957"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9957"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}