{"id":9710,"date":"2022-12-23T14:07:59","date_gmt":"2022-12-23T13:07:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/?p=9710"},"modified":"2022-12-23T20:35:45","modified_gmt":"2022-12-23T19:35:45","slug":"zaciatok-astronomickej-zimy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/?p=9710","title":{"rendered":"Za\u010diatok astronomickej zimy"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Zimn\u00fd slnovrat. Najkrat\u0161\u00ed de\u0148 a najdlh\u0161ia noc na severnej pologuli. Aj tak sa d\u00e1 definova\u0165 astronomick\u00fd term\u00edn pre okamih, kedy sa Slnko nach\u00e1dza nad obratn\u00edkom Kozoro\u017eca a symbolicky sa za\u010d\u00edna vraca\u0165 sp\u00e4\u0165 k obratn\u00edku Raka. Presne 21.12.2022 o 21:48 (UTC) sa na Slovensku za\u010dala astronomick\u00e1 zima. Posv\u00e4tn\u00fd d\u00e1tum pre star\u00e9 Slovansk\u00e9 kmene a taktie\u017e pre Stredisko lav\u00ednovej prevencie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zimn\u00e9mu slnovratu v pohoriach Slovenska predch\u00e1dzalo v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 inverzn\u00e9 po\u010dasie. Po mrzn\u00facom da\u017edi z konca minul\u00e9ho t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a sa na v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine horsk\u00e9ho \u00fazemia snehov\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvka premo\u010dila. S t\u00fdmto oteplen\u00edm sme na viacer\u00fdch svahoch, preva\u017ene severn\u00fdch orient\u00e1ci\u00ed, zaznamenali nieko\u013eko stredne ve\u013ek\u00fdch lav\u00edn. Charakteristick\u00fd bol ich \u010diarov\u00fd odtrh v najstrm\u0161ej \u010dasti \u017e\u013eabov alebo v strm\u00fdch skaln\u00fdch sten\u00e1ch. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Hne\u010f v \u00favode t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a pri\u0161lo v\u00fdraznej\u0161ie ochladenie s pekn\u00fdm slne\u010dn\u00fdm po\u010das\u00edm. To na povrchu u\u017e mokr\u00e9ho snehu vytvorilo siln\u00fa \u013eadov\u00fa k\u00f4ru. Pohyb na ly\u017eiach za\u010d\u00ednal by\u0165 nosn\u00fd, miestami takmer na ma\u010dky. No pri pe\u0161om v\u00fdstupe sa k\u00f4ra l\u00e1mala a preb\u00e1rala a\u017e do spodn\u00fdch vrstiev snehov\u00e9ho profilu alebo na zem. Lav\u00ednov\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu to v\u00fdrazne stabilizovalo, aj ke\u010f sa miestami v profile nach\u00e1dzala nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1, dlhotrvaj\u00faca kritick\u00e1 vrstva m\u00e4kk\u00e9ho hranatozrnn\u00e9ho snehu. Op\u00e4\u0165 hlavne na svahoch severn\u00fdch orient\u00e1ci\u00ed, kde sa sneh v\u00fdrazne \u0165a\u017e\u0161ie pretv\u00e1ra na stabilnej\u0161\u00ed, okr\u00fahlozrnn\u00fd. Stabiliz\u00e1cii tejto m\u00e4kkej vrstvy v pokr\u00fdvke pom\u00e1ha slne\u010dn\u00e9 \u017eiarenie alebo oteplenie. To na na\u0161e horsk\u00e9 \u00fazemie pri\u0161lo presne o polnoci z nedele na pondelok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Priebeh teploty vzduchu za uplynul\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148. AMS Zbojn\u00edcka chata (VT) vs. AMS Kr\u00ed\u017ena (VF)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Oteplenie bolo charakteristick\u00e9 v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm inverzn\u00fdm rozdielom tepl\u00f4t. V strede t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a teplota vo Vysok\u00fdch Tatr\u00e1ch v nadmorskej v\u00fd\u0161ke 2000 m n.m. dosahovala o 14\u00b0C viac, ako vo Ve\u013ekej Fatre vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 1500 m n.m. Tepl\u00fd vzduch, ktor\u00fd je \u013eah\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e1 men\u0161iu hustotu ako studen\u00fd, sa vo ve\u013ekej v\u00fd\u0161ke postupne nas\u00faval nad na\u0161e \u00fazemie. Ke\u010f\u017ee postupoval od severoz\u00e1padu, v\u00fdrazne sa prejavil vo Vysok\u00fdch Tatr\u00e1ch. Na snehov\u00fa pokr\u00fdvku to malo zna\u010dn\u00fd vplyv. Hlavne v Tatr\u00e1ch sneh op\u00e4\u0165 zmokol a stala sa z neho ka\u0161a. Pre tieto dni bol vydan\u00fd 2. stupe\u0148 lav\u00ednov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010denstva. Paradoxne, nebezpe\u010dnej\u0161ia lav\u00ednov\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia bola vo vysok\u00fdch poloh\u00e1ch Tatier, ako vo Ve\u013ekej a Malej Fatre. V \u017diarskej doline sa na strm\u00fdch tr\u00e1vnat\u00fdch svahoch objavili aj mal\u00e9 mokr\u00e9 z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 lav\u00edny a n\u00e1tr\u017ee. Podobn\u00e9 o\u010dak\u00e1vanie sme mali aj vo Ve\u013ekej Fatre, kde na v\u00fdchodn\u00fdch svahoch je naviate v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie mno\u017estvo snehu a z\u00e1kladov\u00e9 lav\u00edny sa tu pri v\u00fdraznom oteplen\u00ed objavuj\u00fa pravidelne. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Mrzn\u00faci d\u00e1\u017e\u010f a ochladenie nenarobil paseku iba na snehovej pokr\u00fdvke. \u0164a\u017ek\u00fd t\u00fd\u017ede\u0148 si za\u017eili aj meteorologick\u00e9 stanice. N\u00e1mraza na senzoroch a sol\u00e1rnych paneloch spolu s mal\u00fdm slne\u010dn\u00fdm svitom a slnkom prech\u00e1dzaj\u00facim najni\u017e\u0161ie nad horizontom za cel\u00fd rok sp\u00f4sobili, \u017ee niektor\u00fdm staniciam do\u0161iel dych. Presnej\u0161ie povedan\u00e9, elektrick\u00fd odber bol vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ako slne\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edkon. Ochrana baterky pred jej po\u0161koden\u00edm odpoj\u00ed v\u0161etky zariadenia do chv\u00edle, k\u00fdm nap\u00e4tie nie je dostato\u010dn\u00e9 na jej op\u00e4tovn\u00e9 zapnutie. A tak oteplenie padlo vhod aspo\u0148 meteorologick\u00fdm d\u00e1tam. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ako b\u00fdva posledn\u00e9 roky zvykom. Katar\u00edna na \u013eade a Vianoce na blate. Tento rok nebude v\u00fdnimkou. Na \u0160tedr\u00fd de\u0148 bude od z\u00e1padu na\u010falej postupova\u0165 na\u0161im \u00fazem\u00edm front\u00e1lny syst\u00e9m s rozsiahlou tlakovou n\u00ed\u017eou. Na mnoh\u00fdch miestach sa o\u010dak\u00e1vaj\u00fa preh\u00e1nky alebo d\u00e1\u017e\u010f. Sne\u017eenie od v\u00fd\u0161ky 1500 m n.m. Na hor\u00e1ch sa o\u010dak\u00e1va siln\u00fd vietor, ktor\u00fd v n\u00e1razoch m\u00f4\u017ee dosiahnu\u0165 viac ako 25 m\/s. Pohyb vo vysokohorskom ter\u00e9ne bude zna\u010dne kondi\u010dne a orienta\u010dne n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd. Dobre si preto zv\u00e1\u017ete predviano\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdlet, aby ste k \u0161tedrove\u010dern\u00e9mu stolu zasadli v\u010das, v pohode a hlavne zdrav\u00fd a usmiaty s kr\u00e1snymi z\u00e1\u017eitkami z uplynul\u00e9ho roku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0160\u0165astn\u00e9, vesel\u00e9 a pokojn\u00e9 Vianoce V\u00e1m \u017eel\u00e1 Horsk\u00e1 z\u00e1chrann\u00e1 slu\u017eba a Stredisko lav\u00ednovej prevencie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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Zimn\u00fd slnovrat. Najkrat\u0161\u00ed de\u0148 a najdlh\u0161ia noc na severnej pologuli. Aj tak sa d\u00e1 definova\u0165 astronomick\u00fd term\u00edn pre okamih, kedy sa Slnko nach\u00e1dza nad obratn\u00edkom Kozoro\u017eca a symbolicky sa za\u010d\u00edna vraca\u0165 sp\u00e4\u0165 k obratn\u00edku Raka. Presne 21.12.2022 o 21:48 (UTC) sa na Slovensku za\u010dala astronomick\u00e1 zima. Posv\u00e4tn\u00fd d\u00e1tum pre star\u00e9 Slovansk\u00e9 kmene a taktie\u017e pre…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9723,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[1,4],"tags":[79,123,154,155,156],"class_list":["post-9710","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nezaradene","category-pocasie-sneh-a-laviny","tag-laviny","tag-pocasie","tag-sneh","tag-sneh-a-laviny","tag-snehova-pokryvka"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/2022-12-21-MF-Inverzne-pocasie-na-Martinskych-holiach-scaled.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8DxWh-2wC","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9710","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9710"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9747,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9710\/revisions\/9747"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9723"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}