{"id":9390,"date":"2022-07-18T14:11:30","date_gmt":"2022-07-18T12:11:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/?p=9390"},"modified":"2024-05-23T12:11:58","modified_gmt":"2024-05-23T10:11:58","slug":"vlnova-oblacnost","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/?p=9390","title":{"rendered":"Vlnov\u00e1 obla\u010dnos\u0165"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V stredu 13.j\u00fala sa nad Popradskou kotlinou tiahol zvl\u00e1\u0161tny oblak. Na hor\u00e1ch f\u00fakal pomerne siln\u00fd vietor, \u010do bolo vidite\u013en\u00e9 aj na pohybe okolitej kopovitej obla\u010dnosti, av\u0161ak tento oblak st\u00e1l bez pohybu na svojom mieste. A pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1to zvl\u00e1\u0161tnos\u0165 poukazuje na pr\u00ed\u010dinu jeho vzniku… Bol to oblak typu Altocumulus lenticularis (Ac len).<\/p>\n\n\n

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Nad V.Tatrami obla\u010dnos\u0165 typu Cumulus (Cu, kopovit\u00e1 obla\u010dnos\u0165), nad \u00fadol\u00edm Altocumulus lenticularis (Ac len)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Na Lomnickom \u0161t\u00edte a Chopku f\u00fakal vietor zo smeru 320\u00b0 (severoz\u00e1pad) r\u00fdchlos\u0165ami medzi 15 a\u017e 25 m\/s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Lomnick\u00fd \u0161t\u00edt (zdroj SHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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Chopok (zdroj SHM\u00da)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

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V \u010dase poludnia pracovisko Slovensk\u00e9ho meteorologick\u00e9ho \u00fastavu v G\u00e1novciach pri Poprade vykon\u00e1va aerologick\u00e9 merania priebehu tlaku, teploty a vlhkosti vzduchu s v\u00fd\u0161kou, spolu s profilom smeru a sily vetra. V\u00fdsledok tohto merania a poh\u013ead zo stanice v G\u00e1novciach:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Profil vetra a poh\u013ead webkamerou zo stanice SHM\u00da G\u00e1novce<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V pomerne silnom severoz\u00e1padnom v\u00fd\u0161kovom vetre vzniklo takzvan\u00e9 vlnov\u00e9 pr\u00fadenie, je to s\u00fahra viacer\u00fdch faktorov:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stabiln\u00e9 zvrstvenie<\/strong> – vrstvy vzduchu, v ktor\u00fdch m\u00e1 vlnov\u00e9 pr\u00fadenie vznikn\u00fa\u0165 musia by\u0165 vo\u010di sebe stabiln\u00e9. To n\u00e1m zaru\u010d\u00ed, \u017ee ak bud\u00fa niektor\u00e9 \u010dastice vzduchu vonkaj\u0161ou silou zatla\u010den\u00e9 nadol do ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch vrstiev, hydrostatick\u00e1 vztlakov\u00e1 sila ich bude prirodzene vytl\u00e1\u010da\u0165 sp\u00e4\u0165 do ich p\u00f4vodnej vrstvy – rovnov\u00e1\u017enej polohy. Analogicky ak bud\u00fa niektor\u00e9 \u010dastice vzduchu vonkaj\u0161ou silou vyzdvihnut\u00e9 do vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch vrstiev, hydrostatick\u00e1 vztlakov\u00e1 sila ich bude prirodzene tla\u010di\u0165 sp\u00e4\u0165 nadol do ich rovnov\u00e1\u017enej polohy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vertik\u00e1lny profil vetra<\/strong> \u2013 v hladin\u00e1ch, v ktor\u00fdch m\u00e1 vznikn\u00fa\u0165 vlnov\u00e9 pr\u00fadenie je potrebn\u00e9, aby bol smer vetra nemenn\u00fd a r\u00fdchlos\u0165 vetra s v\u00fd\u0161kou neklesala.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Orografia<\/strong> \u2013 ku vzniku vlnov\u00e9ho pr\u00fadenia v z\u00e1vetr\u00ed h\u00f4r je potrebn\u00e1 aj vhodn\u00e1 ter\u00e9nna prek\u00e1\u017eka, najlep\u0161ie horsk\u00fd hrebe\u0148 orientovan\u00fd kolmo na smer pr\u00fadenia, ktor\u00e9ho z\u00e1vetern\u00e9 svahy pomerne strmo klesaj\u00fa nadol a za nimi nasleduje rovn\u00fd povrch. \u010eal\u0161ie pohoria za t\u00fdmto hrebe\u0148om by interferenciou zosil\u0148ovali alebo zoslabovali vlnov\u00e9 pr\u00fadenie, v z\u00e1vislosti od ich polohy a d\u013a\u017eky v\u013an.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Sch\u00e9matick\u00fd n\u00e1\u010drt vzniku vlnov\u00e9ho pr\u00fadenia za horskou prek\u00e1\u017ekou<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Pri dostato\u010dnej r\u00fdchlosti (okolo 10 m\/s a viac) bude pr\u00fadiaci vzduch za pohor\u00edm klesa\u0165 pozd\u013a\u017e z\u00e1vetern\u00fdch svahov, na ich \u00fap\u00e4t\u00ed sa vplyvom tlaku o pevn\u00fa podlo\u017eku a zn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9ho tlaku vzduchu nad pr\u00fadnicami prudko zmen\u00ed smer klesaj\u00faceho pr\u00fadenia nahor, pri\u010dom toto pr\u00fadenie bude st\u00fapa\u0165 nahor strm\u0161ie ako predt\u00fdm klesalo. Vzduch v st\u00fapaj\u00facom pr\u00faden\u00ed sa dost\u00e1va vy\u0161\u0161ie ako by v bezvetr\u00ed mal by\u0165 – nast\u00e1va takzvan\u00fd hydraulick\u00fd skok. V\u010faka stabiln\u00e9mu zvrstveniu sa jednotliv\u00e9 vrstvy vzduchu nemaj\u00fa tendenciu premie\u0161ava\u0165 medzi sebou, ale zachov\u00e1vaj\u00fa vrstevnat\u00fa \u0161trukt\u00faru pr\u00fadenia. N\u00e1sledne je pr\u00fadiaci vzduch podtlakom op\u00e4\u0165 \u0165ahan\u00fd nadol. Pr\u00fadenie vzduchu je takto vertik\u00e1lne rozkmitan\u00e9 a vznik\u00e1 vlnov\u00e9 pr\u00fadenie. Pod jednotliv\u00fdmi vlnami vznikaj\u00fa turbulentn\u00e9 rotory, valce s osou ot\u00e1\u010dania rovnobe\u017enou s hrebe\u0148mi v\u013an.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vo vrstv\u00e1ch vzduchu s dostato\u010dnou vlhkos\u0165ou sa vo vlnovom pr\u00faden\u00ed za horskou prek\u00e1\u017ekou vytv\u00e1ra v hornej \u010dasti t\u00fdchto v\u013an oblak typu Altocumulus lenticularis. Napriek r\u00fdchlemu pohybu vzduchu je tento oblak stacion\u00e1rny, nach\u00e1dza sa tam kde je tzv. horsk\u00e1 vlna, nepohybuje sa spolu s pr\u00faden\u00edm. Na prednej – n\u00e1veternej strane tento oblak vznik\u00e1 (vodn\u00e9 pary v st\u00fapaj\u00facom vlhkom vzduchu kondenzuj\u00fa) a na z\u00e1veternej strane zanik\u00e1 (drobn\u00e9 kvapky vody sa v klesaj\u00facom vzduchu op\u00e4\u0165 vyparuj\u00fa). Takto vznikaj\u00faca vlnov\u00e1 obla\u010dnos\u0165 b\u00fdva \u010dastokr\u00e1t ve\u013emi pekn\u00e1, fotogenick\u00e1. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Poh\u013ead na vlnov\u00fd oblak Altocumulus lenticularis (Ac len) s rotorov\u00fdmi oblakmi Cumulus fractus (Cu fra) pod n\u00edm<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u013ea meran\u00ed Leteckej meteorologickej slu\u017eby na letisku Poprad-Tatry a aerologick\u00fdch meran\u00ed zo stanice v G\u00e1novciach bola z\u00e1klad\u0148a, t.j. doln\u00e1 hranica oblaku Ac len vo v\u00fd\u0161ke zhruba 4000m.n.m. Vhodn\u00e9 meteorologick\u00e9 podmienky pre tvorbu vlnov\u00e9ho pr\u00fadenia boli i v \u0161ir\u0161om okol\u00ed, nie len za Vysok\u00fdmi Tatrami. Pekn\u00fd altocumul sa vytvoril aj za \u010eumbierskou \u010das\u0165ou hrebe\u0148a N\u00edzkych Tatier. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Porovnan\u00edm satelitnej sn\u00edmky vidno zrete\u013en\u00fa vetrom modelovan\u00fa obla\u010dnos\u0165 za Vysok\u00fdmi a N\u00edzkymi Tatrami, nad Slovensk\u00fdm rudohor\u00edm a za Mur\u00e1\u0148skou planinou. Vzh\u013eadom na rozl\u00ed\u0161enie satelitnej sn\u00edmky pri detajlnej\u0161om poh\u013eade u\u017e \u0165a\u017eko rozozna\u0165 vlnov\u00fa obla\u010dnos\u0165 Ac od ni\u017e\u0161ej kopovitej Cu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Poh\u013ead z meteorologickej stanice HZS v Lipt.Hr\u00e1dku na juh a sn\u00edmok MSG Near Natural Colors (zdroj SHM\u00da)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u010co by si z tohto k\u00faska vedy o po\u010das\u00ed mal zobra\u0165 be\u017en\u00fd n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edk h\u00f4r? To, \u017ee ak na oblohe vid\u00edm tieto oblaky a chyst\u00e1m sa na v\u00fdlet do h\u00f4r, pribal\u00edm si do batoha tepl\u00e9 oble\u010denie do vetern\u00e9ho po\u010dasia. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdskyt oblakov typu Altocumulus lenticularis nad, alebo za pohor\u00edm je neklamn\u00fd indik\u00e1tor toho, \u017ee na hrebeni f\u00faka siln\u00fd vietor.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Stredisko lav\u00ednovej prevencie HZS \u010fakuje Slovensk\u00e9mu hydrologick\u00e9mu \u00fastavu za poskytnutie \u00fadajov k tomuto zauj\u00edmav\u00e9mu \u00fakazu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V stredu 13.j\u00fala sa nad Popradskou kotlinou tiahol zvl\u00e1\u0161tny oblak. Na hor\u00e1ch f\u00fakal pomerne siln\u00fd vietor, \u010do bolo vidite\u013en\u00e9 aj na pohybe okolitej kopovitej obla\u010dnosti, av\u0161ak tento oblak st\u00e1l bez pohybu na svojom mieste. A pr\u00e1ve t\u00e1to zvl\u00e1\u0161tnos\u0165 poukazuje na pr\u00ed\u010dinu jeho vzniku… Bol to oblak typu Altocumulus lenticularis (Ac len). Na Lomnickom \u0161t\u00edte a…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9425,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[3],"tags":[123],"class_list":["post-9390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ostatne","tag-pocasie"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/20220713_152612-a-scaled.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8DxWh-2rs","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9390"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9390\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12368,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9390\/revisions\/12368"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9425"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}