{"id":11585,"date":"2024-01-29T21:35:28","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T20:35:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/?p=11585"},"modified":"2024-01-30T13:04:03","modified_gmt":"2024-01-30T12:04:03","slug":"tragicka-lavinova-nehoda-pod-malou-kriznou","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.laviny.sk\/?p=11585","title":{"rendered":"Tragick\u00e1 lav\u00ednov\u00e1 nehoda pod Malou Kr\u00ed\u017enou"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Dvojica slovensk\u00fdch skialpinistov sa v slne\u010dn\u00fa nede\u013eu 28.1.2024 vybrali, podobne ako mnoh\u00ed \u010fal\u0161\u00ed, na skialpov\u00fa t\u00faru do Ve\u013ekej Fatry. Pre svoj zjazd si zvolili svah z Malej Kr\u00ed\u017enej na v\u00fdchod smerom do Malej Ram\u017einej. Tento svah l\u00e1kal mno\u017estvom naf\u00fakan\u00e9ho snehu. Svoj zjazd za\u010dali spo\u010diatku po rebre s miernej\u0161\u00edm sklonom do 30\u00b0, no svah postupne naberal na sklone. V mieste kde svah dosahuje u\u017e takmer 40\u00b0, prv\u00fd zo skialpinistov odtrhol lav\u00ednu, ktorej odtrh sa r\u00fdchlo roz\u0161\u00edril a strhol aj druh\u00e9ho z dvojice. Vzh\u013eadom na ve\u013ek\u00fd sklon lav\u00edna nabrala ve\u013ek\u00fa r\u00fdchlos\u0165 a oboch un\u00e1\u0161ala do listnat\u00e9ho lesa v ni\u017e\u0161ej \u010dasti \u017e\u013eabu. P\u00e1d cez stromy sp\u00f4sobil zranenia hlavne prv\u00e9mu z dvojice. Po zastaven\u00ed lav\u00edny, druh\u00fd z dvojice ihne\u010f za\u010dal svojho kamar\u00e1ta h\u013eada\u0165. Ke\u010f\u017ee n\u00e1nos nebol ve\u013emi hlbok\u00fd, podarilo sa mu ho relat\u00edvne r\u00fdchlo n\u00e1js\u0165 preto\u017ee mu tr\u010dala ly\u017eiarka, no bol kriticky zasypan\u00fd (d\u00fdchacie cesty pod snehom). Ihne\u010f za\u010dal s resuscit\u00e1ciou pod\u013ea pokynov opera\u010dn\u00e9ho strediska ties\u0148ov\u00e9ho volania.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tu treba spomen\u00fa\u0165 \u017ee skialpinisti nemali z\u00e1kladn\u00fa lav\u00ednov\u00fa v\u00fdbavu (lopatka, sonda, lav\u00ednov\u00fd vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u010d).<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Z\u00e1chrana pokra\u010dovala pr\u00edchodom profesion\u00e1lnych zlo\u017eiek, viac o z\u00e1chrannej akcii sa m\u00f4\u017eete do\u010d\u00edta\u0165 na str\u00e1nke HZS.sk<\/a>, napriek snahe v\u0161etk\u00fdch z\u00fa\u010dastnen\u00fdch n\u00e1sledkom poranen\u00ed pod\u013eahol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po\u010dasie a lav\u00ednov\u00e1 situ\u00e1cia:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hlavn\u00fdmi faktormi ovplyv\u0148uj\u00facimi lav\u00ednov\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu boli sobotn\u00e9 snehov\u00e9 zr\u00e1\u017eky a siln\u00fd vietor. Tie prich\u00e1dzali hlavne od severu, preto ich viac spadlo v severnej\u0161ie polo\u017een\u00fdch pohoriach (Mal\u00e1 Fatra, Vysok\u00e9, Z\u00e1padn\u00e9 Tatry). Vo Ve\u013ekej Fatre i\u0161lo o pr\u00edrastok do 20 cm snehu, no v spojen\u00ed so siln\u00fdm vetrom to sta\u010dilo, aby sa miestami vytvorili snehov\u00e9 dosky, na tvrdom podklade star\u00e9ho snehu, ktor\u00fd tvorila krusta. N\u00e1razy vetra na Kr\u00ed\u017enej dosiahli v noci z 27. na 28.1. takmer 32 m\/s (115 km\/h). Ke\u010f uv\u00e1\u017eime, \u017ee sneh m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pren\u00e1\u0161an\u00fd u\u017e pri cca 7 m\/s, tak je n\u00e1m jasn\u00e9, \u017ee prenos snehu bol v tomto \u010dase ve\u013emi v\u00fdrazn\u00fd. \u010co sa t\u00fdka smeru vetra, i\u0161lo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou o severn\u00e9 a\u017e severoz\u00e1padn\u00e9 vetry, tak\u017ee sneh bol ukladan\u00fd na juh, juhov\u00fdchod a v\u00fdchod, ako to bolo aj v tomto pr\u00edpade.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Grafy r\u00fdchlosti, n\u00e1razov a smeru vetra z meteostanice na Kr\u00ed\u017enej:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Lav\u00ednov\u00fd bulletin pre dan\u00fd de\u0148 hovoril o miernom lav\u00ednovom nebezpe\u010denstve (2. stupe\u0148). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do stup\u0148a lav\u00ednov\u00e9ho nebezpe\u010denstva vstupuj\u00fa tri faktory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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  • Stabilita snehovej pokr\u00fdvky<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Mno\u017estvo nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch miest<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Ve\u013ekos\u0165 lav\u00edn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    28.1.2024 to vyzeralo takto:<\/p>\n\n\n

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    Stabilita snehovej pokr\u00fdvky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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    Mno\u017estvo nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch miest<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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    Ve\u013ekos\u0165 lav\u00edn<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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    V odtrhu lav\u00edny z 28.1.2024 sme vykonali profil snehovej pokr\u00fdvky. Potvrdilo sa, \u017ee kritick\u00fdm bola v tomto pr\u00edpade kombin\u00e1cia naf\u00fakanej dosky z nov\u00e9ho snehu na tvrdej kruste. V profile sa na tvrdej kruste nach\u00e1dzala aj tenk\u00e1 vrstva m\u00e4k\u0161ieho plstnat\u00e9ho snehu, ktor\u00fd napadol e\u0161te predt\u00fdm ako sa objavil siln\u00fd vietor, ktor\u00fd tvoril slab\u00fa vrstvu. Nestabilitu potvrdil aj ECT test, ten u\u017e v\u0161ak nezodpovedal \u00faplne situ\u00e1cii z 28.1., lav\u00edna toti\u017e spadla na tvrdej kruste, no prasklina v teste sa objavila pod \u0148ou. Pod krustou sa nach\u00e1dzala \u010fal\u0161ia slab\u00e1 vrstva hranatozrnn\u00e9ho snehu. <\/p>\n\n\n

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